Leírás
Abstract:
The modern formulation of the scientific field of biomechanics is linked to the name of the German physician and physicist Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (1821-1894): "Biomechanics is the science dealing with the mechanical properties of living beings and their physiological role." The field of biomechanics plays an important role in the development and validation of diagnostic tools, in the modeling of processes in the human body, and in the development of various medical aids.
As with artificial materials, knowledge of the mechanical behavior of bones, muscles, ligaments connecting bones, and tendons connecting bone and muscle is essential not only for assessing the effects of various loads and simulating surgical methods, but also helps in planning the replacement of certain human materials. One of the most common orthopedic knee joint surgeries is the replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament, which can be done with one's own tendon (autograft) or tendon taken from another person (allograft). The verified measurement method can be used to determine which tendon is most suitable for replacing the anterior cruciate ligament. Through own research results, it is presented how the storage and sterilization of the tendon changes the mechanical properties of the tendon.
Movement and balance can be analyzed using measurement methods and characteristics also used in the technical field, so movement tests help establish the diagnosis as accurately as possible, choose the correct treatment strategy, and follow up the healing process. The presentation shows that the authentication based on elaborated geodetic measurements, the modification of the data filtering, and the clarification of the point selection increase the reliability of the measurements. In the case of sports movements, orthopedic changes, and injuries, the effect of various surgical and rehabilitation protocols can be characterized numerically with movement tests performed and evaluated together with doctors, and the treatment can be tailored to the individual. Nowadays, with the increase in life expectancy, the analysis of the ability to balance is one of the defining research areas of movement studies. The last part of the presentation shows through examples that with the sudden change of direction test, changes in balance can be detected at an early stage, and with appropriate treatment strategies and their simulation, the risk of falling in old age can be reduced.